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Author: Admin | 2025-04-28
INTRODUCTIONzolpidem (zole-pi-dem) Ambien, Ambien CR Classification Therapeutic: sedative/hypnotics Pharmacologic: imidazopyridines Schedule IV IndicationsInsomnia.ActionProduces CNS depression by binding to gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors. Has no analgesic properties. Therapeutic Effects: Sedation and induction of sleep.Adverse Reactions/Side EffectsCNS: abnormal thinking, amnesia, behavior changes, daytime drowsiness, dizziness, “drugged” feeling, hallucinations, sleep driving. GI: diarrhea, nausea, vomiting. Misc: ANAPHYLACTIC REACTIONS, hypersensitivity reactions, physical dependence, psychologic dependence, tolerance. PHYSICAL THERAPY IMPLICATIONSExamination and Evaluation Monitor signs of hypersensitivity reactions and anaphylaxis, including pulmonary symptoms (laryngeal edema, wheezing, dyspnea) or skin reactions (rash, pruritus, urticaria). Notify physician immediately if these reactions occur. Monitor daytime drowsiness, anxiety, behavior changes, short-term memory deficits, hallucinations, and “drugged” feelings. Repeated or excessive symptoms may require change in dose or medication. Assess dizziness that might affect gait, balance, and other functional activities (See Appendix C). Report balance problems and functional limitations to the physician, and caution the patient and family/caregivers to guard against falls and trauma. Interventions Guard against falls and trauma (hip fractures, head injury, and so forth). Implement fall-prevention strategies, especially in older adults or if drowsiness and dizziness carry over into the daytime (See Appendix E). Help patient explore nonpharmacologic methods to improve sleep, such as relaxation techniques, regular exercise, avoid caffeine, and so forth. Patient/Client-Related Instruction Instruct patients on prolonged treatment not to discontinue medication without consulting their physician. Long-term use can cause tolerance and physical/psychologic dependence, and abrupt withdrawal after 2 or more weeks of use may result in fatigue, nausea, flushing, light-headedness, uncontrolled crying, vomiting, GI upset,
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