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Author: Admin | 2025-04-28
They WorkSide EffectsAntipsychotics (developed in the 1950s)Schizophrenia and other types of severe thought disordersHaldol, Mellaril, Prolixin, ThorazineTreat positive psychotic symptoms such as auditory and visual hallucinations, delusions, and paranoia by blocking the neurotransmitter dopamineLong-term use can lead to tardive dyskinesia, involuntary movements of the arms, legs, tongue and facial muscles, resulting in Parkinson’s-like tremorsAtypical Antipsychotics (developed in the late 1980s)Schizophrenia and other types of severe thought disordersAbilify, Risperdal, ClozarilTreat the negative symptoms of schizophrenia, such as withdrawal and apathy, by targeting both dopamine and serotonin receptors; newer medications may treat both positive and negative symptomsCan increase the risk of obesity and diabetes as well as elevate cholesterol levels; constipation, dry mouth, blurred vision, drowsiness, and dizzinessAnti-depressantsDepression and increasingly for anxietyPaxil, Prozac, Zoloft (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, [SSRIs]); Tofranil and Elavil (tricyclics)Alter levels of neurotransmitters such as serotonin and norepinephrineSSRIs: headache, nausea, weight gain, drowsiness, reduced sex driveTricyclics: dry mouth, constipation, blurred vision, drowsiness, reduced sex drive, increased risk of suicideAnti-anxiety agentsAnxiety and agitation that occur in OCD, PTSD, panic disorder, and social phobiaXanax, Valium, Ativan (Benzodiazepines) Buspar (non-Benzodiazepine)Depress central nervous system activityDrowsiness, dizziness, headache, fatigue, lightheadednessMood StabilizersBipolar disorderLithium, Depakote, Lamictal, TegretolTreat episodes of mania as well as depressionExcessive thirst, irregular heartbeat, itching/rash, swelling (face, mouth, and extremities), nausea, loss of appetiteStimulantsADHDAdderall, RitalinImprove ability to focus on a task and maintain attentionDecreased appetite, difficulty sleeping, stomachache, headacheAnother biologically based treatment that continues to be used, although infrequently, is electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) (formerly known by its unscientific name as electroshock therapy). It
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