Comment
Author: Admin | 2025-04-28
The body from outside are called Xenobiotics. What Is Blood-Brain Barrier?It is a tight endothelial cell of the brain capillaries and glial cells of the brain around the blood capillaries that don’t allow the passage of certain lipid insoluble substances pass from the blood into the brain. Lipid Soluble Drugs can easily cross this barrier. What is Volume of Distribution?The total volume of the body fluid in which a drug appears to be distributed according to its concentration in the blood or plasma is the Volume of Distribution. VD of a drug can be determined by the following Formula, VD (Volume OF Distribution) =Total Amount OF Drug In the Body/Concentration of drug in the blood plasma. What Is Potency?It is the weight of the drug that produces a certain magnitude of response. Lesser the weight of the drug required to produce a given effect, the more its potency. What Is Efficacy?If the dose of a drug is increased, its effect will be increased proportionately until a stage is reached beyond there is no further increase in effect will occur. This maximum effect of a drug beyond which no further increase in its effect occurs even if the dose of the drug is increased to a large amount is called efficacy or maximal efficacy. What is the Therapeutic Index?The ratio between median toxic dose (TD50) and median effective dose (ED50) is called therapeutic index. What is Idiosyncrasy?Idiosyncrasy is a rare type of response to a drug that is not related to its dose. What is Hypersensitivity?An allergic or immunological response to a drug is called Hypersensitivity such as anaphylactic shock with penicillin is a severe type of hypersensitivity reaction. What is Tolerance?Repeated use of a drug causes a gradual decrease in the response to the drug which is called tolerance. For e.g chronic use of morphine will decrease many of its effects in the body. Therefore the dose of the drug has to be increased with the passage of time to maintain the usual effects of the drug. What is a Receptor?The receptor is a macromolecule (Big molecule). Most of the receptors are protein in nature. Those drugs which bind to the receptor and show their effect are called agonists. While some drugs bind to the receptor but don’t produce an effect. These drugs are known as an antagonist as they prevent the binding of agonists with the receptors. What is the adverse drug reaction?Drugs may produce two types of effects i.e useful effects and harmful effects. Harmful effects are also known as adverse drug reactions or undesired effects. These effects may range from mild types of adverse effects to severe effects that may cause the death of the person. Credits:
Add Comment