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Author: Admin | 2025-04-28
Data on the incidence of NMS among patients treated with antipsychotics are conflicting. Most authors define it within the range of 0.02–3.23%, T. Benzer (2010) - at 12.2%.There are indications that the use of high-potency antipsychotics causes NMS in 0.5-3.2% of patients, and low-potency drugs cause this complication much less frequently - more than 2 times, in 0.02-1.4% of cases.Muscle rigidity and other neurological manifestations. Progressive muscle stiffness is one of the most significant signs of NMS. It, as well as other extrapyramidal disorders, are observed in neuroleptic malignant syndrome in 97% of patients. This is the first and early symptom of the disease, in most patients preceded by an increase in temperature, although sometimes the severity of both symptoms increases simultaneously.The second of the main signs of NMS is observed in 95-98% of patients (according to buy praziquantel online - 34%). Mental changes in NMS are varied. from anxiety, confusion, agitation or delirium to oneiric and amentive stupefaction, severe catatonia, akinetic mutism, stupor and coma. Fluctuations in the level of impairment of consciousness are often observed. Stupidity with mutism that develops with NMS often resembles lethal catatonia. Complications and causes of death. The most dangerous complications of neuroleptic malignant syndrome are: Rhabdomyolysis is a direct consequence of severe muscle rigidity, and its occurrence is also facilitated by dehydration due to immobility of patients due to mental disorders and the difficulties associated with eating. It causes acute renal failure, which is observed in 50% of patients with NMS and very often leads to death. The cause of acute respiratory failure is often pulmonary embolism, which accounts for about 25% of all deaths from neuroleptic malignant syndrome. The pulmonary embolism that occurs with this syndrome is based on hyperthermia and associated dehydration of the body, as well as immobility of patients due to catatonic stupor or their prolonged fixation when excited. Another common cause of respiratory failure is aspiration pneumonia, the occurrence of praziquantel is associated with mental disorders, suppression of the cough reflex, dysphagia, and increased salivation. In rare cases, pulmonary edema can also complicate the course of neuroleptic malignant
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